H.R. 5349, sponsored by Rep. Nathaniel Moran (R-TX), expands the Tax Court's authority to issue subpoenas for documents and evidence beyond what it can currently compel, and allows the Tax Court to extend deadlines for filing petitions against IRS deficiency notices when appropriate. The bill also expands the types of cases where special trial judges can be appointed, authorizes those judges to impose fines up to $5,000 and jail time up to 30 days for contempt of court, and requires Tax Court judges and special trial judges to recuse themselves in certain circumstances. When an IRS deficiency petition is dismissed for missing the filing deadline, it is no longer treated as a Tax Court decision, allowing the case to proceed in federal district court under certain conditions. The Senate passed the bill by unanimous consent on September 30, 2026, with an amendment to the title.
Note: the official CRS summary for this bill was written on 2025-09-15, but the bill text was revised on 2026-09-30T04:00:00Z. Provisions may have been added since the summary was written — the section list above reflects the current text.
Where it is in the process
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Introduced
Sep 15
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House committee
Sep 17
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House floor
Dec 1
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Senate
Sep 30
5
Signed
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What happens next: Cleared both chambers. Heads to the President's desk.
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